Valray wrote: Sun Mar 16, 2025 1:31 am
I decided to draw it as I saw and felt it in my mind and not stay true to the photo.
Good decision. Copying is boring.

But inventing as you draw is far more exciting. And it draws you into the subject - it makes you think.
I am having difficulty with scribble. See small rock on bottom left. It’s only half done. All my hand wants to do is figure 8s. So I thought I’d submit it halfway done, and get your advice before finishing it.
Don't get too fixated on scribble. It's just a wandering line, nothing else. It might help if you
purposefully inject a degree of randomness into your scribbles. However, it is an excellent way to explore a surface - it can travel in any direction, with varying weight, and no loss of concentration.
First, I think you're drawing too fast. If you're going to use scribble as I do, you need to slow down, and give your mind time to make three-dimensional sense of everything it sees. Talk to yourself. Explain what you are seeing, and how you might alter it to make it look more natural. And work small - try to make natural sense out of every little feature. For example (I hope this makes sense...):
VAL-ROCK1-A.jpg
This mark here (A) is just that: a mark. A dark blemish on the surface. If it was a depression with sharp edges (as you've drawn), the top of the depression would be darker, where the top edge casts a shadow. Below that, it will be diluted to some extent by reflected light. And its bottom edge would almost certainly pick up a thin highlight. Let's assume the sun is top left, so it will only catch the parts of that edge that directly face the sun.
That highlight can
only occur if the dark part is a depression. Now the viewer knows, subconsciously, that it's NOT a surface mark.
VAL-ROCK1-B.jpg
Now let's have a look at Area B.
VAL-ROCK1-C.jpg
This has a sharp top edge, and the shadow it casts tells me this is a shallow depression... or maybe not? Because the shadow lightens with depth, as expected, but it terminates in another hard edge that leads directly to a highlighted strip. I'm not sure what sort of three-dimensional form could look like that?
So, how about we keep the top hard edge and its cast shadow (which I'll emphasise a bit more). And then, because this depression is shallow, the shadow would fade much sooner. We'll let the light catch the surface right down to the lower hard edge.
VAL-ROCK1-D.jpg
Every time you create a few marks of interest, ask yourself what it might represent. Then work on it to make full sense of it. Here, you created a hard edge. The sunlight (see my graphic) will cast a shadow on the depression below that hard edge. We'll assume the light is diffused, so the shadow won't have a hard edge. It will lighten until it reaches the part of the depression that the sun can fully illuminate. Create that and NOW we have a dish shape. And not just any old dish shape... oh no!... a dish shape that EVERYBODY will immediately recognise as being dish-shaped.
And above all else... DON'T FORGET THE LIGHTING DIRECTION. It's a crucial component that ties everything together, and allows everyone to understand the three-dimensional forms it's lighting.
Someone on YouTube recently requested a video on shadows... I'm beginning to think it's about time I made one.
Seriously, they are difficult until you take the time to LOOK at them. You see, we
instinctively understand shadows, so we don't look at them. Start looking! And experimenting. Because they're important. My ADVANCED course at Drawspace spends an entire week purely on shadows.